Strata living in New South Wales offers a unique community environment with shared amenities like pools, gyms, and BBQ areas. However, the enjoyment of these facilities relies on owners contributing to their upkeep through regular levy payments. But what happens when an owner falls behind on their levies? Can they be denied access to these common facilities?

The Legal Position in NSW

In New South Wales, the Strata Schemes Management Act 2015 (SSMA) governs the rights and responsibilities of lot owners, including the implications of unpaid levies. An owner who has not paid their levies (including any interest and recovery costs) is considered an “unfinancial owner.”

The SSMA does impose some restrictions on unfinancial owners. Specifically, the Act restricts their participation in certain strata matters such as being restricted from voting at general meetings (except on motions requiring a unanimous resolution) and being elected to the strata committee.

However, it’s crucial to understand that the SSMA does not grant an automatic right to an owners corporation to deny an unfinancial owner access to common property facilities.

The Critical Role of By-Laws

The ability to restrict an owner’s access to common property facilities hinges on the existence and validity of specific by-laws within the strata scheme.

• By-laws and Restrictions: If a strata scheme’s registered by-laws explicitly include provisions restricting access to common facilities for lot owners with unpaid levies, then the owners corporation may have grounds to enforce those restrictions.
• Validity of By-laws: Even when such by-laws exist, their enforceability is not guaranteed. Section 150 of the SSMA empowers the NSW Civil and Administrative Tribunal (NCAT) to deem by-laws “harsh, unconscionable, or oppressive,” which can render them invalid.
• Legal advice is essential: Given the complexities of the legislation and the potential for legal challenges, owners corporations should always seek updated legal advice to determine the enforceability of any by-laws that restrict facility access. What might have been considered enforceable in the past may not be today.

Important Considerations for Owners Corporations

Owners corporations need to proceed cautiously and ensure they are acting within the boundaries of the law. Here are some key considerations:

• Check the by-laws: The first step is to verify that the strata scheme has a by-law that specifically addresses the issue of restricting access to common property facilities for unfinancial owners. If no such by-law exists, the owners corporation cannot legally enforce such a restriction.
• Assess the enforceability of the by-law: Even if a relevant by-law is in place, it is essential to assess its enforceability as a by-law that is deemed harsh, unconscionable, or oppressive is unlikely to be upheld.
• Seek updated legal advice: Strata law is subject to change, and legal interpretations can evolve over time. Owners corporations should obtain current legal advice to ensure that their by-laws and enforcement actions comply with the latest legal standards.
• Apply to NCAT if necessary: If an enforceable by-law exists and an owner refuses to comply with it, the owners corporation may need to apply to NCAT for an order to enforce the by-law.

Proactive Measures: Promoting By-Laws and Levy Collections

To minimize disputes and ensure the smooth functioning of the strata scheme, owners corporations should adopt a proactive approach:

• Clear and comprehensive by-laws: Develop and maintain by-laws that are clear, unambiguous, and consistent with the SSMA. Ensure that all owners have easy access to these by-laws.
• Effective levy collection: Implement a robust system for collecting levies, including:
  • Issuing levy notices promptly.
  • Offering a range of payment options.
  • Following up on overdue payments in a timely and consistent manner.
  • Establishing a clear policy for handling levy arrears.
• Dispute resolution: Establish clear and fair procedures for resolving disputes related to levy payments and access to facilities.
• Professional guidance: Seek legal advice as needed to ensure compliance and best practices.

In NSW, the ability of an owners corporation to restrict an unfinancial owner’s access to common property facilities is not automatic. It depends on the specific by-laws of the strata scheme.

ACCESS TO FACILITIES: DO YOU NEED TO UPDATE YOUR BY-LAWS FOR UNFINANCIAL OWNERS?

Adrian Mueller I BCOM LLB FACCAL I Partner

Since 2002 Adrian has specialised almost exclusively in the area of strata law. His knowledge of, and experience in strata law is second to none. He is the youngest person to have been admitted as a Fellow of the ACSL, the peak body for strata lawyers in Australia. Profile I Linked

Contact Us

For all strata law advice including by-laws, building defects and levy collections contact our specialist NSW and Sydney strata lawyers here or call 02 9562 1266, we’re happy to assist.

The NSW Government is currently reviewing the STRA regulations in response to rising rents and housing shortages. While no concrete legislative changes have been enacted for 2025 as of this date, the following key areas are under serious consideration:

What’s Changing in 2025? (Proposed Changes Under Review)

1. Potential Reduction of the 180-Night Cap

1. • A key area of review is the statutory 180-night annual limitation for non-hosted STRA within Greater Sydney. A reduction in this cap, potentially to 90 nights per annum, is being seriously contemplated.
   • Proposals for even more restrictive limits, such as a 60-night cap as advocated by certain local councils (e.g., Byron Bay), may influence broader legislative changes or empower further local council action.

2. Tougher Enforcement and Penalties

1. • The government is considering the implementation of more stringent enforcement mechanisms and increased financial penalties for non-compliance with STRA regulations. This includes, but is not limited to, failure to register, exceeding permissible nightly limits, and breaches of fire safety standards.
   • An increase in proactive compliance audits is also anticipated, potentially increasing the risk for unregistered or non-compliant STRA operations.

3. Enhanced Local Council Regulatory Powers

• • A potential outcome of the current review is the conferral of greater discretionary authority upon local councils to determine and enforce STRA limitations within their respective local government areas.

1. • This could result in significant variations in STRA regulations across different regions, potentially ranging from outright prohibitions in specific zones to more permissive frameworks in others.

4. Consideration of New Levies on STRA Properties

1. • The introduction of a new levy or tax specifically targeting STRA properties is under active consideration by policymakers. This approach mirrors recent developments in other jurisdictions, such as Brisbane’s implementation of differential council rating for STRA properties.
   • The primary policy objective of such a measure is to incentivise the return of properties to the long-term residential rental market.

Implications for Strata Schemes and Lot Owners

The proposed amendments to STRA legislation carry significant implications for strata schemes and individual lot owners:

• Potential Impact on Investment Returns: Stricter nightly caps, particularly for non-hosted STRA, may directly reduce the revenue-generating potential of affected properties.
• Increased Compliance Burdens: More rigorous enforcement and potentially enhanced safety requirements could lead to increased operational costs for STRA hosts.
• Regulatory Uncertainty: The prospect of divergent STRA regulations across different local council areas may introduce complexity and uncertainty for owners with properties in multiple locations.
• Diminished Profitability: The imposition of new taxes or levies would directly impact the financial viability of STRA ventures.
• Differential Impact on Hosted STRA: Properties operating under a hosted model are likely to be less directly affected by the anticipated changes primarily targeting non-hosted arrangements.

Recommendations for Strata Schemes and Lot Owners

Given the dynamic nature of STRA regulations in NSW, it is imperative for owners corporations and lot owners to:

• Remain Vigilant: Continuously monitor official announcements and legislative updates issued by the NSW Government regarding STRA.
• Assess Investment Strategies: Evaluate the potential impact of the proposed amendments on existing and prospective STRA investments.
• Ensure Full Regulatory Compliance: Conduct thorough audits to verify adherence to current registration requirements, fire safety standards, and any applicable local council regulations.
• Engage with Legal Counsel: Seek expert legal advice from strata law specialists to understand the implications of the evolving legal landscape and to ensure ongoing compliance.
• Consider By-law Amendments: Owners corporations may need to review and potentially amend their strata by-laws in response to legislative changes or local council policies.

The anticipated amendments to NSW STRA legislation in 2025 signify a potentially significant shift in the regulatory environment. Proactive engagement with legal counsel and a commitment to staying informed are crucial for navigating these changes effectively and safeguarding the interests of strata communities and individual lot owners.

Easter 2025 and STRA Peak Period: Don’t Let Outdated STRA By-Laws Catch You Out.

Is your strata community prepared for the Easter short-term rental surge? Outdated by-laws can lead to disputes and compliance issues.

IS YOUR STRA BY-LAW UP TO DATE – DO YOU NEED A REVIEW?

Adrian Mueller I BCOM LLB FACCAL I Partner

Since 2002 Adrian has specialised almost exclusively in the area of strata law. His knowledge of, and experience in strata law is second to none. He is the youngest person to have been admitted as a Fellow of the ACSL, the peak body for strata lawyers in Australia. Profile I Linked

Contact Us

For all strata law advice including by-laws, building defects and levy collections contact our specialist NSW and Sydney strata lawyers here or call 02 9562 1266, we’re happy to assist.

In a recent case, the Land and Environment Court has confirmed that an owners corporation can apply to the Court for orders to require trees on a neighboring property which obstruct views from residential lots in the owners corporation’s building to be removed or pruned.  The Court confirmed that the individual lot owners do not have to apply to the Court for that relief.

The Case

A row of 21 Cyprus trees grows on a property in Sydney’s lower North Shore adjacent to a strata building.  The foliage of those trees is relatively close to the windows of some of the apartments in that building.  They obstruct the views from, and sunlight entering, the windows from those apartments.  To remedy that problem, the owners corporation of the apartment building applied to the Land and Environment Court for orders to require the neighbor to remove 9 of the trees and prune 10 of the trees.  Those orders were sought under the Trees (Disputes between Neighbors) Act 2009.

The Problem

In the case, the neighbor argued that the owners corporation was not entitled to apply for any orders on behalf of the apartment owners concerning the trees.  This was because the trees did not obstruct any views or sunlight on the common property but only from the apartments themselves and the owners corporation did not own or manage the apartments as a result of which it did not have standing to apply for orders in relation to the trees.

The Decision

The Land and Environment Court rejected the neighbour’s argument.  The Court held that the land which adjoined the trees in question was common property that was owned by the owners corporation and as the owner of that land the owners corporation could apply for an order relating to an apartment situated on the land in its strata scheme.  The Court also said that the apartment owners or residents themselves could also apply to the Court for orders in relation to the trees.  The Court stressed that this case was different to cases under the Trees Act that relate to tree damage.  In those types of cases apartment owners could only apply to the Court for orders in relation to damage to their apartments and the owners corporation could only apply to the Court for orders relating to damage to common property.

Conclusion

The Court’s decision clarifies that an owners corporation is entitled to apply for relief under the Trees Act in relation to trees on a neighboring property that obstruct views or sunlight through windows in apartments.  The Court’s decision represents a departure from earlier decision of the Court in 2012 in Salmon v Kibble[2012] NSWLEC 1359 in which it was held that an owners corporation could not make an application to the Court and instead applications needed to be made by the owners of the individual apartments.

The case provides greater flexibility for tree disputes involving strata schemes to be resolved through applications that are made by owners corporations.

Case citation: The Owners – Strata Plan No. 52378 v Huang [2025] NSWLEC 1125.

Adrian Mueller I BCOM LLB FACCAL I Partner

Since 2002 Adrian has specialised almost exclusively in the area of strata law. His knowledge of, and experience in strata law is second to none. He is the youngest person to have been admitted as a Fellow of the ACSL, the peak body for strata lawyers in Australia. Profile I Linked

Contact US

For all strata law advice including by-laws, building defects and levy collections contact our specialist NSW and Sydney strata lawyers here or call 02 9562 1266, we’re happy to assist.